水火

既濟(Jì Jì)是《易經》中的第六十三卦。它由離卦(☲)作為內卦(下卦),坎卦(☵)作為外卦(上卦)所組成。因為上卦代表水的坎卦,下卦代表火的離卦,所以通稱為「水火既濟」。

Jì Jì (既濟) is the 63rd hexagram in the Book of Changes (I Ching). It consists of the Li trigram (☲) as the lower trigram and the Kan trigram (☵) as the upper trigram. It is commonly referred to as "Water over Fire."

第六十三卦:《既濟卦》

既濟:亨小,利貞;初吉終亂。

【白話】《既濟卦》象徵成功:此時功德完滿,連柔小者都亨通順利,有利於堅守正道;開始時是吉祥的,但如有不慎,終久必導致混亂。

《象》曰:「水在火上,既濟;君子以思患而預防之。

【白話】《象辭》說:《既濟卦》的卦像是離(火)下坎(水)上,為水在火上之表象,比喻用火煮食物,食物已熟,象徵事情已經 成功;君子應有遠大的目光,在事情成功之後,就要考慮將來可能出現的種種弊端,防患於未然,採取預防措施。

初九,曳其輪,濡其尾,無咎。

【白話】初九,拉住車的輪子,不使它快進,小狐狸渡河時沾濕了尾巴,無法快遊,沒有災禍。

《象》曰:“曳其輪”,義無咎。

【白話】《象辭》說:“拉住車的輪子,不使它快進”,說明事情成功之後,必須謹慎從事,小心防備,才沒有災禍。

六二,婦喪其茀,勿逐,七日得。

【白話】六二,遺失了婦人乘車的遮簾,不用去尋找,過不了七天就會物歸原處。

《象》曰:“七日得”,以中道也。

【白話】《象辭》說:“丟失婦人乘車上的遮簾,過不了七日就會物歸原處”,說明此時正處於中位,堅守正道,不偏不倚,所以丟失了 的東西可以失而復得。

九三,高宗伐鬼方,三年克之;小人勿用。

【白話】九三,殷高宗武丁徵伐地處西北的鬼方國,經過三年的連續戰鬥才獲得勝利;不可任用急躁冒進的小人。

《象》曰:「三年克之」就是也。

【白話】《象辭》說:“經過三年的連續戰鬥才攻克了鬼方國”,說明戰爭非常激烈又持續了三年之久,已經筋疲力盡了,勝利是來之不易的。

六四,繻有衣袽,終日戒。

【白話】六四,渡河的時候,為了防止船漏水,事先要準備破布棉絮,而且整天保持戒備,以防止發生災禍。

《象》曰:「終日戒」有所疑也。

【白話】《象辭》說:“整天保持戒備,以防止災禍的發生”,說明此時心中有所疑慮,感到恐懼。

九五,東鄰殺牛,不如西郊之禴祭,實受其福。

【白話】九五,東邊鄰國殺牛羊來舉行盛大祭禮,不如西邊的鄰國舉行簡單而樸素的祭祀,這樣才能實在地得到神降賜的福分。

《象》曰:“東鄰殺牛”,不如西鄰之時也;“實受其福”,吉大來也。

【白話】《象辭》說:“東邊的鄰國殺牛宰羊來舉行盛大的祭禮”,還不如西邊鄰國能按時舉行虔誠簡單的時祭;西鄰“實在地得到上天神靈降賜的 福分”,說明此是正當其位,吉祥福分將不斷隆臨,非常幸運。

上六,濡其道,厲。

【白話】上六,小狐狸渡河時弄濕了頭,有危險。

《象》曰:「濡其道,厲”,何可久也!

【白話】《象辭》說:“小狐狸渡河時弄濕了頭,有危險”,這是警告在事情成功之後,要更加小心謹慎,不然怎能長久不敗!

The hexagram of Jì Jì symbolizes the union and harmony of water and fire. The upper trigram Kan represents the Yin aspect of water, signifying flow, depth, and adaptability. The lower trigram Li represents the Yang aspect of fire, symbolizing passion, energy, and brightness. The combination of water and fire represents a state of balance and mutual support.

The Chinese term "既" implies completion or conclusion, while "濟" means to cross or to accomplish. The hexagram signifies the completion of a phase and the attainment of stability. It represents a state of equilibrium and stability, indicating that things have reached a harmonious and settled state.

The statement in the hexagram's text about "the symbol of stability" suggests that things have reached a stable state where they are no longer wavering or changing. It implies that past difficulties have been overcome, problems have been resolved, and a period of relative stability has been entered. Jì Jì also reminds us to maintain balance and avoid extremes or becoming overly attached to a particular state.

In summary, Jì Jì symbolizes the union of water and fire, representing a state of balance and harmony. It signifies the completion of a phase and stability, reminding us to seek balance, avoid extremes, and pursue inner peace and stability. This hexagram encourages us to find the equilibrium point in things and strive for internal tranquility.